The upper-secondary choice covers two things at once: which programme to take and which school to take it at. They are linked — a programme is not the same everywhere — but it helps to start with the programme and come to the school last. This guide walks you through the steps, warns about the most common pitfalls, and points at data that is actually informative.
Timeline for the upper-secondary choice
Upper-secondary schools hold open days. Careers and study counselling starts in compulsory school. A good time to visit 3–5 schools before you start narrowing down.
Preliminary application. You rank up to 6–8 alternatives (varies by municipality). Admission is based on the autumn-term grades — use them as a starting point but expect the final grades may raise your score.
Preliminary admission decision. Based on term grades and not final.
Reselection window: you can change your choices based on the preliminary decision and how you feel at that point.
Final grades are set. The final-grade score is locked in.
Final admission decision. If you did not get in to your first choice, reserve admissions open during the summer and early autumn.
Term starts.
First decision: the programme
Sweden has 18 national programmes + introduction programmes for those who lack eligibility. They split into two main categories.
Higher-education preparatory programmes
Six programmes — Natural Science (NA), Social Science (SA), Economics (EK), Humanities (HU), Technology (TE) and Aesthetics (ES). All grant basic higher-education eligibility, but profile themselves towards different university paths.
- Natural Science: the broadest. Keeps every door to higher education open, including medicine, engineering, doctor and economics. Required as eligibility for many university programmes.
- Social Science: for those who like history, politics, psychology. A large share go on to law, social sciences, journalism, teaching.
- Economics: business economics, law, mathematics. For those aiming at business or commerce-oriented studies.
- Technology: mathematics, physics, technical applications. For those aiming at engineering studies.
- Humanities: languages, culture, history. Narrower recruitment but strong for language or culture studies.
- Aesthetics: music, fine art, theatre, dance. Prepares both for artistic studies and for social-science higher-education paths.
Vocational programmes
Twelve programmes that lead to a profession. Examples: construction and civil engineering, electricity and energy, health and social care, child and leisure, retail, vehicles, restaurant, sales and service. On most you can also choose to study for basic higher-education eligibility through optional courses — but that makes the schedule tighter.
Vocational programmes often have more workplace-based learning (APL), a direct link to the labour market and a shorter path to a first salary. The stigma "vocational = for those who can't study" is a myth — vocational programmes can be a deliberate path for someone who knows what they want to do.
Try the upper-secondary chooser if you are unsure — it matches your interests against different programmes.
Unsure? Choose broadly.
If you don't know what you want to do: pick a programme that keeps the most doors open. Natural Science and Social Science are the broadest. You can always specialise later. Economics is also broad. You can change programme during the year, but a late specialisation is almost always possible; an early closing of doors can be hard to reopen.
Second decision: school and admission
Once you have chosen a programme — or two or three alternative programmes — it is time to look at which schools offer them.
How admission works
Admission is based on your final-grade score from Year 9. For popular programmes and schools the application pressure exceeds the number of places — in which case pupils with the highest final-grade scores are admitted first. The admission score that is published is historical: the lowest final-grade score that was admitted last year.
Important: the admission score is not a guaranteed cut-off. It varies ±5–15 points between years depending on application pressure and the number of places. If your final-grade score is near the line, keep the programme as a choice but have a backup.
What to look at in an upper-secondary school
The school's general reputation is a clue, but more informative signals are:
- Completion rate (diploma within three years): the national average is around 70–75%. A school where 60% complete within three years on a difficult programme is either admitting pupils with ambitions that are too high or has too little support. Read more.
- Teacher certification: at upper-secondary level the national average is around 80%. Below 70% can be a warning flag.
- Share who become eligible for higher education: on higher-education preparatory programmes this should be close to 100%. Lower values indicate that pupils are not meeting the course requirements. See higher-education preparatory eligibility for the concepts behind the number.
- Specialisations and orientation: different schools offer different deepenings within the same programme. A Natural Science course with a strong mathematics profile is different from one with a biology profile.
- Size and environment: would you fit better at a school with 300 pupils or 1,500? A small school gives a more personal feel but fewer options in courses and clubs.
For vocational programmes: look at the industry's future
Vocational programmes are above all relevant to the labour market. Use labour-market data to understand a profession's future: construction and healthcare have strong demand and high starting salaries right now. Hotel and restaurant have lower starting salaries but often good employability.
Ask the school: "What are your former pupils doing three years after graduation? Which employers hire?" A serious vocational programme has concrete answers. Vague promises of "many opportunities" are a red flag.
Open day — 8 questions to ask
- What share of the cohort that started are still on track to graduate?
- How do you support pupils who fall behind? And pupils who are ahead?
- What does the schedule look like in practice? How many free periods?
- Which optional and individual-choice courses are actually taught here, and what minimum group size do they start with?
- How does mentoring work? Can I speak to a mentor now?
- How do you work with study guidance for higher education or working life?
- Could I speak with a current pupil who is not a school ambassador?
- (Vocational) Where does workplace learning (APL) take place, how is it organised, and what happens if I don't thrive at the placement?
Finances — a few commonly missed points
Upper-secondary education is free, but there are surrounding costs:
- Course materials: some schools require your own laptop, others lend one. Ask.
- Study trips and field trips: some programmes have compulsory trips that can cost several thousand kronor.
- Specific costs on aesthetics programmes: expensive instruments, material costs.
- Study allowance: you automatically receive the study allowance (studiebidrag) from CSN (1,250 SEK/month for 2025/2026). Insufficient attendance can have it withdrawn.
After upper-secondary — think at least one step ahead
It is easy to get stuck on the upper-secondary choice and forget what comes after. A few questions to ask yourself:
- If I think I want to go on to higher education, does this programme provide basic eligibility? And specific eligibility for the courses that interest me?
- If I want to start working straight away — does the vocational programme give the diploma the industry requires?
- If I don't know yet: is this programme broad enough not to close doors?
On Skolkoll you can find data on career paths and how different programmes match higher education — the kind of follow-up data that is hard to find from schools themselves.
If the first choice doesn't work out
Did not get in to your first choice? It is more common than you think. Reselection and reserve admissions open new doors during the summer. Many pupils start at "the second choice" and discover it was good after all.
Not thriving once you have started? Switches happen — within a programme, between schools, or to a completely different programme. Contact the careers and study counsellor early. Switching before the courses get too deep is smoothest, but later switches are possible too.
Tools on Skolkoll
- All upper-secondary schools — search and compare.
- The upper-secondary chooser — match your interests against different programmes.
- Admission scores per programme — historical cut-offs.
- Admission scores explained.
- Completion rate — why it matters.
- The upper-secondary page in school choice — municipality search and checklist.