Socioeconomic background refers to the family's education level, income, and social position. It is the single strongest predictor of pupils' school results — stronger than school type, teaching method, or resources.
Measurement
In the SALSA model, socioeconomic background is primarily measured through parents' education level. In DeSO data, income, education, and migration background are used. The correlation between socioeconomic background and merit score is strong and well documented.